姬姓周朝護子鳥圖騰
The totem of orginial ancestor of Zhou Dynasty-The Guardian bird

Legend of the original ancestor of Zhou Dynasty- The guardian bird legend
       It is said that the ancestor of Zhou Dynasty - Qì(棄ㄑㄧˋ; means abandon) was abandoned three times after birth since it is regarded as ominous because that his mother stepped on the giant footprint and got pregnant. The third and the last time, a holy bird expanded wings to protect the baby Qì  when he was abandoned on an iced river. So the Guardian bird is as the respected totem of Zhou Dynasty of surname Ji.

姚姓帝舜姚字金文

     相傳舜因生在姚墟，稱姚氏。

Ancient emperor—Shun
     Born in Yaoxu, Shun’s surname was Yao.

祁姓帝堯堯字甲骨文 

 

     相傳為古代母系伊祁氏的後代，因先後受封於陶、唐，又稱陶唐氏，以擅製陶而傳世。
 

Emperor Yao＆Surname—Qi

     Emperor Yao was the descendant of ancient matriarchy—Yiqi. Being conferred at Tao and Tang in succession, his surname was also Taotang. He was renowned for his pottery craft.

 

 

 

 風姓伏羲氏鳳字甲骨文
 

      傳說為風姓，古代風同鳳。另傳說伏羲為母親華胥氏踩雷澤神之足印而生下，為雷神之子。

 

Fuxi, the original ancestor of Chinese people

    Legend has it that Fuxi was born after his mother, Hua Xu, stepped on the god of thunder’s footprint in Lei ze, thus, Fuxi is also regarded as god of thunder’s son. Fuxi’s surname is風(feng; means wind), which was identical to the character鳳(feng; means male phoenix) in ancient times. 

姜姓炎帝姜字甲骨文
 

    神农遍嘗百草，成為藥神，也發明農耕技術，故被稱為神農氏。此外，他因其点燃古人用火观念的功绩而被尊为炎帝。古籍记载他住在姜水，因此，他的姓就以河名命名。

Shennong tasted all kinds of herbs and became the god of medicine. He also invented farming techniques, so he was called the Shennong - god of agriculture. In addition, he was revered as Emperor Yan for his achievements in igniting the ancient concept of using fire. According to ancient books, he lived by the river of Jiang (姜) or say Jiangshui, so his surname was named after the river.

 古東夷族方部族板舟圖
 

     相傳為東夷部族的一支，以擅長製造拼板舟、操舟，並以之為圖騰的氏族。

Surname—Fang
     A branch of Dongyi tribe. This clan was good at crafting and steering canoes. They worshipped the canoe totem.

 祝融氏己姓爐紋圖
 

     相傳為祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的己姓昆吾氏後裔，建有蘇國，以紫蘇為圖騰。

Surname—Ji
     Yoxu clan was a descendant of Kunwu and Ji clan, one of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. They founded a country named Yoxu, worshipping the perillas totem.

祝融氏蘇氏爐紋紫蘇圖

     相傳為祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的己姓昆吾氏後裔，建有蘇國，以紫蘇為圖騰。

Surname—Su/Xu
     Yoxu clan was a descendant of Kunwu and Ji clan, one of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. They founded a country named Yoxu, worshipping the perillas totem.

祝融氏曹姓爐紋棗枝圖
 

     相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的曹姓。繁衍到商朝時有曹方國，為盛產棗之地。由於曹字甲骨文即是棗的象形，因此結合祝融氏火爐圖和棗樹枝作為此氏族的始祖圖騰。
 

Surname: Cao
     One clan of Zhurong’s eight descendants. This clan exists and develops at a fruitful jujubes place and cultivated a country named Cao Fang in Shang dynasty of ancient China. Since Cao word Oracle is the jujube of the pictographic, so the combination of ZhuRong shi stove and jujube branches as the clan-Caoˊ's ancestor totem.

 祝融氏芈姓爐紋圖
 

     相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的芈姓後代—熊氏，春秋時立國號為楚。

Surname—Mi
     Xiong clan was a descendant of Mi clan, one of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. They founded Chu state during the Spring and Autumn period .

祝融氏芈姓熊氏爐紋圖
 

     相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的芈姓後代—熊氏，春秋時立國號為楚。
 

Surname—Xiong

     Xiong clan was a descendant of Mi clan, one of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. They founded Chu state during the Spring and Autumn period .

 

 祝融氏楚字爐紋圖
 

     相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的芈姓後代—熊氏，春秋時立國號為楚。

The nobilities of Chu state
     Xiong clan was a descendant of Mi clan, one of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. They founded Chu state during the Spring and Autumn period .

祝融氏妘姓爐紋圖

     相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的妘姓，後代傳有鄔、鄫、路、偪陽、鄅等國。

Surname—Yun
     One of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. Their future generations founded several countries, for example,Wu(鄔), Ceng(鄫), Lu(路), Biyang(偪陽), and Yu(鄅).

 

祝融氏董姓爐紋圖
 

（1）相傳為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的董姓。董氏族是擅長以「董草」（香蒲草）」制火繩的部落，以董草為圖騰。
（2）傳說為上古祝融氏所傳的後代八個姓氏之一的己姓後代—豢龍氏。

Surname: Dong
（1）One of Zhurong clan’s eight descendants. Dong clan was expert in making matchlock by cattail. They worshipped the cattail totem.
（2）Another legend said that Dong clan was also called Huanlong clan, a descendant of Ji clan.

祝融氏—爐紋圖
 

     祝融氏為上古氏族，主要職掌為火官，後被尊為火神。後來帝顓頊之子被封為祝融，後代分成八個姓氏，分別是曹姓、彭(籛)姓、禿（季）姓、董姓、妘姓、斟姓、己姓、羋姓，史稱為祝融八姓。

 

The tribe of Zhurong

     Zhurong was an ancient tribe. Its major occupation was to manage fire; thus, they were respected as god of fire. Zhuanxu's son was conferred the name—Zhurong afterward. Descendants of this clan were divided into eight clans with different surnames, Cao, Peng(Jian), Tu(Ji), Dong, Yun, Zhen, Ji, Mi. These are the so-called “eight surnames of Zhurong”.

少昊金天氏東夷族徽
 

     相傳少昊是黄帝之子，後來成為母親羲和部落和後來與華夏部落聯盟的東夷部族的首領，以鳥為崇拜圖騰。

Shaohao
     Huangdi’s son—Shaohao was the leader of Xihe tribe, his mother’s tribe and Dongyi tribe, which later allied with Huaxia tribe. His tribe worshipped the bird totem.

姒姓夏朝薏苡圖
 

     相傳夏代始祖-大禹是因母-女志在夢中食下薏苡而生，被賜為姒姓。因此設計以薏苡草作為姒姓始祖圖騰
 

Ancient emperor­—Yu the Great

     Born after his mother—Nuzhi consumed coix seed in the dream, Yu the Great was conferred the surname 姒(siˋ)。The design of coix grass serves as the ancestor totem for all descendants from Yu the Great.

 兵器殳圖
 

     西周時有掌管長度標準的官吏稱為度人，以殳為丈量之標準管理度量衡。

Duoren, the measurement administor
     An official position that administers measurement during Western Zhou period is called Duoren. Duoren used an implement named shu as measure standard.

軒轅黃帝-天黿圖騰

The  most primitive emblem of divine turtle (interpretation as Xuanyuan) represents that Huangdi, the Yellow emperor is from Xuanyuan clan.  

     古籍記載黃帝姓公孫，名軒轅，又因依姬水而成長，因此為姬姓，後居軒轅之丘，又號軒轅氏，國於有熊，亦稱有熊氏。亦有帝鴻氏、帝軒氏、縉雲氏等稱號。軒轅據考即是天黿(神龜)，是黃帝氏族最原始的圖紋。

 

 

     Ancient books recorded that Huangdi’s full name is Gongsun Xuanyuan. Growing up beside Ji River, he acquired another surname, Ji. Living on Xuanyuan hill, Xuanyuan also became one of his surname. Later, he gained another surname "Youxiong" because his country was constructed at Youxiong. Xuanyuan also means divine turtle, which is the first totem of Huangdi’s tribe.

原圖出處:天黿父癸方鼎(時期:商末周初)

嬴姓伯翳燕鳥圖

 
     相傳是舜、禹兩帝時之首輔賢臣，為當時東夷部族首領，因擅蓄養牲畜，被舜帝賜為贏姓。此外，伯翳的翳字有医字元素，其中的「矢」的原型即為燕形圖紋。

 

 

Boyi&Surname—Ying

     Boyi was Emperor Shun and Yu the Great’s chancellor, also, the leader of Dongyi tribe. Excel at animal husbandry, Boyi was conferred the surname Ying. The Chinese character of Yi in Boyi’s name —翳 involved the Chinese charactor 矢, which is an element originated from swallow’s totem.

 軒轅氏張揮弧星圖
 

 

     相傳黃帝之子（或孫）揮，受天上「弧星」形狀啟發而創造弓，成為弓的首創者。

 

Surname—Zhang

     Legend has it that Huangdi’s son (or grandson)—Hui was inspired by the “arc star” in the sky and created bow, becoming the creator of bow.

 

 

 

 

 

 

古葛氏族葛草圖 

 

     相傳上古葛地有葛天氏族，發現葛草之食、用功能，以葛草為圖騰。

Getian clan
     Getian clan dwelt at Ge in ancient times. They discovered the function of ge grass and worshipped the ge grass totem.

古吳虞部族—騶虞圖

The holy beast - Zouyu  worshiped by the ancient Wuyu tribal.

 

     相傳上古時代有擅長狩獵的吳氏族，是從虞氏族分衍出來，崇拜虎神—天吳(或稱騶虞)，傳說是一種長尾似虎的仁獸。古代對鄒虞的描述如下: "《毛傳》：'騶虞'，義獸也。白虎，黑文，不食生物，有至信之德則應之。《山海經》卷一二〈海內北經〉：'林氏國有珍獸，大若虎，五彩畢具，尾長於身，名曰騶虞，乘之日行千里。'《淮南子》：'白虎黑文而仁，食自死之獸，日行千里'。” 本站以虎字甲骨文及長尾之形作為騶虞的圖騰設計。

Surname—Wu
     Wu clan, expert of hunting, was a branch from Yu clan. They worshipped Zouyu, the god of tiger which has a long tail over his body and with white skin and black stripes. Zouyu is a righteous animal who never eats living creatures and only appears during the rule of a benevolent monarch. The oldest Shang dynasty of   bone script of  the tiger with the long tail is designed as the image of Zouyu.


明朝鄒虞圖. 現藏台北故宮博物院
Zoeyu picture- painted at Ming dynasty, colected  at Taipei National Palace Museum
 

古有易族後裔—中山國徽
The 'mountain shape' emblem of Zhongshan state built by descendants of ancient tribe of Youyi;  

     相傳先商時期久居易水的有易氏部落，後代支脈在春秋時期周景王初年（約公元前544—前533年），曾建立中山國，位於今河北省石家莊平山和靈壽縣附近，初稱鮮虞。中山文公時（公元前459—前414年）改稱中山。曾與七國共同稱王，前後立國達二百餘年(公元前414-前296年)，後為趙國所滅。因為都城中有一座山（河北省中部太行山東麓餘脈），故號中山國，並以山形器為國家象徵。 



Youyi clan
     Legend has it that Youyi clan dwelt near river Yi since predynastic Shang. Its branch founded Zhongshan state during the Spring and Autumn period. Since there are  the Tai-han mountain at the capital， the state named 'Zhongshan' (means center of the mountain) and designed the 'mountain shape' ceremonials.

 

 

 

 子姓商朝的始祖圖騰-玄鳥(鳦燕)
The  totem of orginal ancestor's of Shang Dynasty-The Mysterious Bird ( Holy Swallow)

子姓商朝「玄鳥生商」傳說:
        傳說商朝的始祖-契，他的母親-有娀氏，又稱娀簡，是帝嚳的次妃。因吞鳦卵而生契。「鳦」是「燕」的古寫，即玄鳥，(出自詩經:「天命玄鳥，降而生商」)。後被封為子姓，是故子姓商族奉玄鳥為圖騰。

Legend of the Shang dynasty of surname -Zǐ(ㄗˇ). From the medium of Swallows...
        It is said that the ancestor of the Shang Dynasty - Qì(契ㄑㄧˋ)'s mother is the ancient great emperor- Ku's second wife. She swallowed swallow's eggs and born Qì. 「鳦」 is the ancient writing of "Swallow" in China, that is, the mysterious bird. The story is recorded in the Book of Classic of Poetry(Shijing):"The Heaven orders mysterious bird to drop the eggs and born Shang". Qì was later named Zǐ as the surname. and Shang Dynasty respected the Swallows as the holly totem.

 

 

古代理官(掌法)尊奉聖獸-獬豸(ㄒㄧㄝˋㄓˋ)圖

      相傳先祖為郾姓皋陶，掌獄政司法的理官之職，其後代世襲理官，而有理氏，李氏始祖-理利貞也是理官之後。相傳有獨角神獸-獬豸，能用獨角分辨善惡是非，因此古代法官以獬豸作為職業的代表圖騰，在審案時也都要戴「獬豸冠」。
 

古獬豸版畫

 清代官服 獬豸服補

来源：中国纪检监察报2017-11-17